If approved by lawmakers, voters could make a final decision on the amendment in November.
Cuomo, in his State of the State message this week, said he would propose a "phase one" plan focusing on three upstate casinos. The governor said he wants to bring visitors from downstate and other states to upstate areas.
A gaming commission would pick the best locations and revenues would be split 90 percent for education and 10 percent for property tax relief.