Singapore looks to tourism and casinos to fuel growth

The casinos have created more than 20,000 jobs, helped attract record visitors and fueled 14.7 % economic growth last year, likely the second-highest in the world behind Qatar. Singapore is also benefiting from strong economic growth in Asia, led by China. Almost all the growth of tourist arrivals last year came from regional neighbors and, for the first time, Chinese demand for Singapore's exports likely surpassed that of the US in 2010.

In a bid to woo Chinese visitors, the resorts incorporated feng shui principles and other Chinese beliefs in their design and operation. Resorts World opened its casino on February 14 while Marina Bay Sands opened March 27. "Singapore, with its strong economic linkages with the region and particularly with China, is in a favorable position to ride on the current wave of growth from Asia," said DBS economist Irvin Seah.

Gross domestic product rose 12.5 % in the October-to-December period from a year ago, compared with a surge of 10.5 % in the third quarter, the Trade and Industry Ministry said Monday. The economy grew an annualized, seasonally adjusted 6.9 % in the fourth quarter after contracting 18.9 percent % in the third, the ministry said.

Singapore - which in recent decades has lost much of its low-wage manufacturing to regional emerging economies like China and Vietnam - has focused on exporting more value-added products such as semiconductors and pharmaceuticals. Manufacturing soared 28 % in the fourth quarter from the previous year while services gained 8.8 percent and construction slumped 1.2 %, the ministry said.

This year, the resorts should contribute about 1.7 percentage points of GDP growth to an economy that Singapore's DBS bank expects will slow, but still grow a healthy 7 percent. The government is forecasting economic growth of between 4 percent and 6 percent for 2011. "Services will overtake the manufacturing sector in 2011 as the key contributor to growth, and gaming should steal the pole position from pharmaceuticals as the fastest growing sector," Seah said.

Singapore, which has a population of 5 million and is about the size of New York City, saw visitor arrivals average about 1 million per month and jump 20 % in the first 11 months of last year from the same period in 2009.

The resorts also plan to expand this year, boosting economic and tourism growth. Marina Bay Sands, owned by Las Vegas Sands, is scheduled to open the world's first ArtScience Museum in February while Genting Bhd's Resorts World will open its Maritime Xperiential Museum by midyear, with two more hotels and a marine life park to come after.

Retailers, at the resorts and at Singapore's famous Orchard Road shopping malls, have also benefited from the tourism boom, with spending by visitors soaring 47 % to us$ 10,6 billion in the January-to-September period from the previous year.

Other winners include feng shui masters such as Cheong, who for 22 years has advised companies such as Pizza Hut, Renault and Robinson's department store on the finer points of attracting the right kind of qi, or energy.

Gamblers are now paying us$ 380 for "wealth achievement" sessions — advice on how to beat the casinos where Cheong analyzes the date and time of a client's birth to dole out tips about lucky clothes and the direction to face at a card table. However, some Singaporeans are having misgivings about the country's embrace of casino gambling.

For decades, Lee Kuan Yew, who was prime minister from 1959 to 1990, rejected proposals to build casinos, fearing they would undermine public morality. Lee's son, current Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, argued the resorts were necessary to help make Singapore a world-class city.

To discourage impulsive gambling at the casinos by locals, the government imposes for all citizens and permanent residents a us$ 77.8 entrance fee for a 24-hour visit or us$ 1,557 for a year. However, the government collected more than us$ 77.8 million in entry levies last year, which suggests many Singaporeans haven't let the fee stop them from trying their luck.

Local media have reported increasingly aggressive harassment of debtors by loan sharks, and police last year began a crackdown on illegal lending, which often targets desperate gamblers. The government has banned about 194 problem gamblers from casinos at the request of family members and more than 2,000 people have asked to be excluded.

Even some feng shui experts are wary of encouraging betting. Adelina Pang, author of Classical Feng Shui for Homes Today, said she's frequently approached by poorer Singaporeans who hope she can help them hit the jackpot. "I try to tell them not to gamble because I don't want to help them dig their own grave," Pang said. "With the casinos here now it's so convenient that some people are getting really addicted and not taking care of their families."